解决JSTL报错 java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.jsp.index_jsp

home 编辑时间 2023/11/27

## 前言
前几篇笔记用到了一个JSTL3.0依赖
[Springboot 3.x 项目使用 JSP 笔记](https://leanote.zzzmh.cn/blog/post/admin/65547240da7405001400dd8c)
[关于2023年如何开发一个Java JSP JSTL项目指南](https://leanote.zzzmh.cn/blog/post/admin/655f0f75da7405001400e87f)
有小伙伴照着我的笔记运行后会出现奇怪的报错
后来我自己的项目也跟着跑偏了哈哈哈
于是就有了这篇笔记

## 折腾

期初我写了2篇笔记，用的 `jstl3.0` 都是这段依赖
```xml
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
    <artifactId>jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
```

<br>
这段maven依赖，本来是好好的，25号以后忽然间就不行了，报这个错
`Could not find artifact jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl:jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl-api:jar:3.0.0-RC1 in nexus-aliyun (http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public)`
大概意思就是，阿里云里没有找到这个依赖，中央仓库里 `mvnrepository` 我也搜了确实没有 `3.0.0-RC1` 只有 `3.0.0`

查看他的pom
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <parent>
    <artifactId>project</artifactId>
    <groupId>org.eclipse.ee4j</groupId>
    <version>1.0.6</version>
  </parent>
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
  <artifactId>jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl</artifactId>
  <name>Jakarta Standard Tag Library Implementation</name>
  <version>3.0.0</version>
  <description>Jakarta Standard Tag Library Implementation</description>
  <url>https://projects.eclipse.org/projects/ee4j.jstl</url>
  <issueManagement>
    <system>github</system>
    <url>https://github.com/eclipse-ee4j/jstl-api/issues</url>
  </issueManagement>
  <mailingLists>
    <mailingList>
      <name>JSTL dev mailing list</name>
      <subscribe>https://dev.eclipse.org/mailman/listinfo/jstl-dev</subscribe>
      <unsubscribe>https://dev.eclipse.org/mailman/listinfo/jstl-dev</unsubscribe>
      <post>jstl-dev@eclipse.org</post>
      <archive>https://dev.eclipse.org/mhonarc/lists/jstl-dev</archive>
    </mailingList>
  </mailingLists>
  <developers>
    <developer>
      <id>yaminikb</id>
      <name>Yamini K B</name>
      <organization>Oracle Corporation</organization>
      <organizationUrl>http://www.oracle.com/</organizationUrl>
    </developer>
  </developers>
  <contributors>
    <contributor>
      <name>Kin Man Chung</name>
    </contributor>
  </contributors>
  <licenses>
    <license>
      <name>EPL 2.0</name>
      <url>http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-2.0</url>
      <distribution>repo</distribution>
    </license>
    <license>
      <name>GPL2 w/ CPE</name>
      <url>https://www.gnu.org/software/classpath/license.html</url>
      <distribution>repo</distribution>
    </license>
  </licenses>
  <scm>
    <connection>scm:git:https://github.com/eclipse-ee4j/jstl-api.git</connection>
    <developerConnection>scm:git:ssh://git@github.com/eclipse-ee4j/jstl-api.git</developerConnection>
    <url>https://github.com/eclipse-ee4j/jstl-api</url>
  </scm>
  <build>
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/java</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
      </resource>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
      </resource>
      <resource>
        <targetPath>META-INF</targetPath>
        <directory>${project.basedir}/..</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>LICENSE.md</include>
          <include>NOTICE.md</include>
        </includes>
      </resource>
      <resource>
        <targetPath>META-INF</targetPath>
        <directory>${project.basedir}</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>LICENSE.md</include>
          <include>NOTICE.md</include>
        </includes>
      </resource>
    </resources>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-enforcer-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.0</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>enforce-maven</id>
            <goals>
              <goal>enforce</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <rules>
                <requireMavenVersion>
                  <version>3.6.0</version>
                </requireMavenVersion>
              </rules>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.8.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <release>11</release>
          <compilerArgument>-Xlint:unchecked</compilerArgument>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-bundle-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.3</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>bundle-manifest</id>
            <phase>process-classes</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>manifest</goal>
            </goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
        <configuration>
          <instructions>
            <Bundle-SymbolicName>org.glassfish.web.jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl</Bundle-SymbolicName>
            <Export-Package>org.apache.taglibs.standard,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.extra.spath,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.functions,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.lang.jstl,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.lang.jstl.parser,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.lang.support,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.resources,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.common.core,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.common.fmt,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.common.sql,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.common.xml,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.el.core,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.el.fmt,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.el.sql,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.el.xml,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.rt.core,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.rt.fmt,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.rt.sql,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.rt.xml,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.tei,
                            org.apache.taglibs.standard.tlv,
                            org.glassfish.jstl.integration</Export-Package>
            <Import-Package>!org.apache.xpath,
                            !org.apache.xpath.objects,
                            !org.apache.xpath.jaxp,
                            !org.apache.xml,
                            !org.apache.xml.dtm,
                            !org.apache.xml.utils,
                            !org.apache.xalan,
                            !org.apache.xalan.res,
                            !org.apache.xpath.res,
                            !org.apache.regexp,
                            !org.apache.bcel,
                            !java_cup.runtime,
                            !trax,
                            org.xml.sax.ext,
                            *</Import-Package>
          </instructions>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.0</version>
        <configuration>
          <archive>
            <manifestFile>${project.build.outputDirectory}/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF</manifestFile>
            <manifestEntries>
              <Extension-Name>jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl</Extension-Name>
              <Specification-Version>2.0</Specification-Version>
              <Specification-Vendor>${project.organization.name}</Specification-Vendor>
              <Implementation-Version>${project.version}</Implementation-Version>
              <Implementation-Vendor>${project.organization.name}</Implementation-Vendor>
            </manifestEntries>
          </archive>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.4</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>shade</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <dependencyReducedPomLocation>${project.build.directory}/dependency-reduced-pom.xml</dependencyReducedPomLocation>
              <artifactSet>
                <includes>
                  <include>xalan:xalan</include>
                </includes>
              </artifactSet>
              <filters>
                <filter>
                  <artifact>xalan:xalan</artifact>
                  <excludes>
                    <exclude>META-INF/**</exclude>
                  </excludes>
                </filter>
              </filters>
              <relocations>
                <relocation>
                  <pattern>org.apache.xpath</pattern>
                  <shadedPattern>org.eclipse.tags.shaded.org.apache.xpath</shadedPattern>
                </relocation>
                <relocation>
                  <pattern>org.apache.xml</pattern>
                  <shadedPattern>org.eclipse.tags.shaded.org.apache.xml</shadedPattern>
                </relocation>
                <relocation>
                  <pattern>org.apache.xalan</pattern>
                  <shadedPattern>org.eclipse.tags.shaded.org.apache.xalan</shadedPattern>
                </relocation>
                <relocation>
                  <pattern>org.apache.regexp</pattern>
                  <shadedPattern>org.eclipse.tags.shaded.org.apache.regexp</shadedPattern>
                </relocation>
                <relocation>
                  <pattern>org.apache.bcel</pattern>
                  <shadedPattern>org.eclipse.tags.shaded.org.apache.bcel</shadedPattern>
                </relocation>
                <relocation>
                  <pattern>java_cup.runtime</pattern>
                  <shadedPattern>org.eclipse.tags.shaded.java_cup.runtime</shadedPattern>
                </relocation>
                <relocation>
                  <pattern>trax</pattern>
                  <shadedPattern>org.eclipse.tags.shaded.trax</shadedPattern>
                </relocation>
              </relocations>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.1</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>attach-sources</id>
            <goals>
              <goal>jar-no-fork</goal>
            </goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
        <configuration>
          <includePom>true</includePom>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
        <artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.0</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>timestamp-property</id>
            <phase>validate</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>timestamp-property</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <name>current.year</name>
              <pattern>yyyy</pattern>
              <locale>en_US</locale>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.3.1</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>attach-javadocs</id>
            <goals>
              <goal>jar</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <groups>
                <group>
                  <title>Jakarta Standard Tag Library Documentation</title>
                  <packages>org.apache.taglibs</packages>
                </group>
              </groups>
              <doclint>none</doclint>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
        <configuration>
          <source>11</source>
          <additionalJOption>-Xdoclint:none</additionalJOption>
          <quiet>true</quiet>
          <bottom>Copyright &#169; 2019, ${current.year} Eclipse Foundation. All rights reserved.</bottom>
          <docfilessubdirs>true</docfilessubdirs>
          <groups>
            <group>
              <title>Jakarta Standard Tag Library Documentation</title>
              <packages>jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl*</packages>
            </group>
          </groups>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
  <profiles>
    <profile>
      <id>tlddocs</id>
      <build>
        <plugins>
          <plugin>
            <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
            <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.0</version>
            <executions>
              <execution>
                <id>generateTldDoc</id>
                <phase>prepare-package</phase>
                <goals>
                  <goal>java</goal>
                </goals>
                <configuration>
                  <includePluginDependencies>true</includePluginDependencies>
                  <includeProjectDependencies>false</includeProjectDependencies>
                  <mainClass>com.sun.tlddoc.TLDDoc</mainClass>
                  <arguments>
                    <argument>-doctitle</argument>
                    <argument>Jakarta Tags doc</argument>
                    <argument>-windowtitle</argument>
                    <argument>Jakarta Tags Doc</argument>
                    <argument>-d</argument>
                    <argument>${project.build.directory}/tlddoc</argument>
                    <argument>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/META-INF/sql.tld</argument>
                    <argument>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/META-INF/x.tld</argument>
                    <argument>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/META-INF/fmt.tld</argument>
                    <argument>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/META-INF/c.tld</argument>
                    <argument>${project.basedir}/src/main/resources/META-INF/fn.tld</argument>
                  </arguments>
                </configuration>
              </execution>
            </executions>
            <dependencies>
              <dependency>
                <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
                <artifactId>tagsdoc</artifactId>
                <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
              </dependency>
            </dependencies>
          </plugin>
        </plugins>
      </build>
    </profile>
  </profiles>
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jakarta.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jakarta.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>6.0.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jakarta.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jakarta.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jakarta.el</groupId>
      <artifactId>jakarta.el-api</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.0-RC1</version>
      <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
</project>
```
确实存在一个 `3.0.0-RC1`

**这里可以猜测出大概的结论：他以前一直依赖着3.0.0-RC1，然后忽然3.0.0-RC1有问题被Maven中央仓库删了**

<br>
故事还没完
如果版本号改成 `3.0.1`
```xml
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
    <artifactId>jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
```
就可以正常加载出依赖
表面看起来没有报错
但是有个巨坑等着我
JSP里一旦用了JSTL代码
例如 `index.jsp`
```jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="jakarta.tags.core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>JSP - Hello World</title>
</head>
<body>
<c:if test="true">
  6
</c:if>
</body>
</html>
```

就会出现这个巨坑的报错
全网查了2天也没找到是什么问题
完整报错如下
```java
HTTP状态 500 - 内部服务器错误
类型 异常报告

消息 org.apache.jasper.JasperException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.jsp.index_jsp

描述 服务器遇到一个意外的情况，阻止它完成请求。

例外情况

org.apache.jasper.JasperException: org.apache.jasper.JasperException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.jsp.index_jsp
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.handleJspException(JspServletWrapper.java:578)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:422)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:380)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:328)
	jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:658)
	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51)
根本原因。

org.apache.jasper.JasperException: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.jsp.index_jsp
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.getServlet(JspServletWrapper.java:194)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:410)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:380)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:328)
	jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:658)
	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51)
根本原因。

java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.jsp.index_jsp
	java.base/java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:445)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JasperLoader.loadClass(JasperLoader.java:129)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JasperLoader.loadClass(JasperLoader.java:58)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.getServlet(JspServletWrapper.java:189)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:410)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:380)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:328)
	jakarta.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:658)
	org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:51)
):注意 主要问题的全部 stack 信息可以在 server logs 里查看
```

<br><br>
最终的解决方案
maven依赖做如下修改
```xml
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
    <artifactId>jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.1</version>
    
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl-api</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
    <artifactId>jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl-api</artifactId>
    <version>3.0.0</version>
    <scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
```

也就是用 `3.0.1` 最新版，然后手动移除依赖中的依赖，再手动加载这个依赖中的依赖，用一个安全的版本号！

大功告成！

## END

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